{"id":27570,"date":"2019-06-03T14:34:37","date_gmt":"2019-06-03T18:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/?p=27570"},"modified":"2019-06-03T14:43:35","modified_gmt":"2019-06-03T18:43:35","slug":"government-pension-fund-of-norway","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/2019\/06\/03\/government-pension-fund-of-norway\/","title":{"rendered":"Government Pension Fund of Norway"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>It is worth understanding the <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Government Pension Fund of Norway<\/a> as an example of what some countries invest in with their &#8220;social security&#8221; equivalents.  Here is an excerpt from the <em>WikiPedia <\/em>article to give you the gist of what is in the article.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\nNorway has experienced <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Economic\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Economic\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">economic<\/a> surpluses since the development of its <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Hydrocarbon\" title=\"Hydrocarbon\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">hydrocarbon<\/a> <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Resources\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Resources\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resources<\/a> in the 70s. This reality, coupled with the desire to mitigate <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Volatility_(finance)\" title=\"Volatility (finance)\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">volatility<\/a> stemming from fluctuating <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oil_prices\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Oil prices\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oil prices<\/a>, motivated the creation of Norway&#8217;s Oil Fund, now the Government Pension Fund-Global (GPF-G).<sup id=\"cite_ref-CPBS_SWF_2007_3-0\" class=\"reference\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway#cite_note-CPBS_SWF_2007-3\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[3]<\/a><\/sup> The instability of oil prices has been of constant concern for oil-dependent countries since the start of the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Oil_boom\" title=\"Oil boom\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oil boom<\/a>, but especially so in the decades following the first <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/1970s_energy_crisis\" title=\"1970s energy crisis\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">oil shocks<\/a> in the 1970s.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NCSU_Norwg_Exp_4-0\" class=\"reference\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway#cite_note-NCSU_Norwg_Exp-4\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[4]<\/a><\/sup> As the <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Real_GDP\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Real GDP\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">real GDP<\/a> of oil-exporting states is linked with the price of oil, it has been a goal of these <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Exporters\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Exporters\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">exporters<\/a> to stabilize oil consumption patterns, and a host of these exporting states singled out sovereign wealth funds as an effective <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Policy_tool\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Policy tool\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">policy tool<\/a> for achieving this outcome.<sup id=\"cite_ref-NCSU_Norwg_Exp_4-1\" class=\"reference\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway#cite_note-NCSU_Norwg_Exp-4\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[4]<\/a><\/sup> The adoption of the GPF-G has been in line global economic trends, especially investment patterns. <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/International_investment\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"International investment\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">International investment<\/a> has increased at a significantly higher pace than either <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_GDP\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Global GDP\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">global GDP<\/a> or <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Global_trade\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"Global trade\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">global trade<\/a> of <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Goods\" title=\"Goods\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">goods<\/a> and <a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Service_(economics)\" title=\"Service (economics)\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">services<\/a>, increasing by 175% over a period at which the former two metrics increased by 53% and 93% respectively.<sup id=\"cite_ref-Peterson_5-0\" class=\"reference\"><a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway#cite_note-Peterson-5\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>It is worth understanding the Government Pension Fund of Norway as an example of what some countries invest in with their &#8220;social security&#8221; equivalents. Here is an excerpt from the WikiPedia article to give you the gist of what is in the article. Norway has experienced economic surpluses since the development of its hydrocarbon resources [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[166],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-27570","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-stevegsposts","7":"czr-hentry"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=27570"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27570\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27576,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27570\/revisions\/27576"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=27570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=27570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ssgreenberg.name\/PoliticsBlog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=27570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}