In his 7 July 2010 blog post, Why Isn’t Investment Higher?, Paul Krugman writes:

Truly, we live in a time of mass delusion — or maybe make that elite delusion — where there are lots of things that everyone believes, without a shred of evidence to back that belief. Here’s one more: everywhere you go, you encounter the claim that businesses aren’t investing, they’re just sitting on piles of cash, because they’re worried about future government policies.

There is, of course, a much more prosaic alternative: businesses aren’t investing because they have lots of excess capacity. Why build new structures and buy new machines when you’re not using the ones you already have?

So is there anything in the data suggesting that we need to invoke fear of government to explain low investment? Not a bit.

[Krugman shows a graph of output gap {difference between actual and potential GDP} and investment to make his point.]

What we see, first of all, is that business investment fluctuates with the state of the economy (duh). It’s actually a surprisingly tight relationship.

Second, we see that investment has, if anything, fallen LESS than you might have expected given the plunge in the economy. We’re much further from potential output than in 2002, yet the share of investment in GDP is only slightly lower.

In short, there’s no puzzle about business investment — and not a hint that we have to invoke some kind of oh-god-Obama’s-a-socialist story to explain low spending. It’s the economy, stupid.

Krugman follows up on 9 July 2010 with Pity the Poor C.E.O.’s.

All the buzz lately is that the Obama administration is “antibusiness.” And there are widespread claims that fears about taxes, regulation and budget deficits are holding down business spending and blocking economic recovery.

How much truth is there to these claims? None. Business spending is indeed low, but no lower than one would have expected given widespread overcapacity and weak consumer spending. Business leaders are feeling unloved, but giving them a group hug won’t cure what ails the economy.

Ask the Obama-is-scaring-business crowd for some actual evidence supporting their claim, and they’ll tell you that business spending on plant and equipment is at its lowest level, as a share of G.D.P., in 40 years. What they don’t mention is the fact that business investment always falls sharply when the economy is depressed. After all, why should businesses expand their production capacity when they’re not selling enough to use the capacity they already have? And in case you haven’t noticed, we still have a deeply depressed economy.

On 9 July 2010, Mark Thoma (U of Oregon), commenting on Krugman, says:

Why are businesses so reluctant to invest? Is it because of an antibusiness climate? Yes, but the climate wasn’t created by the Obama administration. The people who directly or indirectly blew up the financial system — something that happened before Obama took office — are the ones responsible for the discouraging climate that is making firms so unwilling to expand their operations. There is a political attempt to place the blame for the lack of investment on the administration, but there’s nothing of substance to support — and plenty to refute — the claims being made by the lobbyists behind this effort.

So let’s hear some support for another stimulus package and get the economy moving.

-RichardH

In the July/August 2010 issue of Washington Monthly, James Verini writes Show Him The Money, about how Tom Donahue and the US Chamber of Commerce raises (from corporations and Republicans, through scare techniques) and spends its huge lobbying dollars.

The “ask” works. In 2009 the Chamber doled out somewhere in the area of $120 million on lobbying alone, five times what its nearest cohort, Exxon Mobil, spent. Much of that money went to an advertising and grassroots blitz attacking the congressional health care legislation, making the Chamber very likely the biggest spender in the debate. In the weeks leading up to health care’s passage in March, it was spending $800,000 a day trying to defeat the Democratic legislation. Livid that the law went through, the Chamber has now pledged to funnel $50 million—more than twice as much as the entire cash holdings of the Republican National Committee and the National Republican Congressional Committee put together (as of late May)—into an estimated forty House races and ten Senate races this fall. About eight of every ten dollars of Chamber political donations go to Republicans.

With such torrents of Chamber money raining down on the political process, it’s rather ironic that many Americans believe the U.S. Chamber of Commerce to be part of the government. But, in a way, it’s also fitting. With its legions of lobbyists, policy analysts, economists, and attorneys, its own rapid-response media center and law firm, its hundreds of international chapters and steady stream of officials, legislators, and foreign potentates flowing through its immense bronze-relief doors on H Street, the Chamber does act like a federal agency—or like a third political party on permanent campaign. “The Chamber views itself as a shadow-government policymaking body,” a former Chamber economist, Lawrence Hunter, said.

Such policy, of late, has consisted of mounting major battles against regulatory initiatives emanating from the Obama White House. In addition to doing its best to block health care legislation, the Chamber also tried desperately to fend off the financial reform bill passed by the Senate on May 21. Meanwhile, its campaign to influence environmental legislation has relied in part on casting doubt on the exigency, even the existence, of climate change. …

I asked Donohue what, exactly, the Chamber does. “Two fundamental things,” he replied. “We’re advocates. Sure we do studies, sure we do events, sure we do meetings, sure we have all kinds of stuff, but we’re advocates.” And then he surprised me again with his candor. “The second thing we do is really more interesting,” he said. “We’re the reinsurance industry for individual industry associations and state chambers of commerce and people of that nature.” An example, said Donohue, was when Wall Street found itself on the defensive in opposing new banking regulations. “They can’t move forward, they can’t move back, or maybe they’re being overrun, and they’ll come to us and say, ‘Can we collect our reinsurance?’” he explained. “And then we build coalitions and go out and help them.”

-RichardH

In her 7 July 2010 post to the NYT blog, Well, Gretchen Reynolds writes “Your Brain on Exercise.”

Some of the most reverberant recent studies were performed at Northwestern University’s Feinberg School of Medicine in Chicago. There, scientists have been manipulating the levels of bone-morphogenetic protein or BMP in the brains of laboratory mice. BMP, which is found in tissues throughout the body, affects cellular development in various ways, some of them deleterious. In the brain, BMP has been found to contribute to the control of stem cell divisions. Your brain, you will be pleased to learn, is packed with adult stem cells, which, given the right impetus, divide and differentiate into either additional stem cells or baby neurons. As we age, these stem cells tend to become less responsive. They don’t divide as readily and can slump into a kind of cellular sleep. It’s BMP that acts as the soporific. … The more active BMP and its various signals are in your brain, the more inactive your stem cells become and the less neurogenesis you undergo. Your brain grows slower, less nimble, older.

But exercise countermands some of the numbing effects of BMP, Dr. Kessler says. In work at his lab, mice given access to running wheels had about 50 percent less BMP-related brain activity within a week. They also showed a notable increase in Noggin, a beautifully named brain protein that acts as a BMP antagonist. The more Noggin in your brain, the less BMP activity exists and the more stem cell divisions and neurogenesis you experience. Mice at Northwestern whose brains were infused directly with large doses of Noggin became, Dr. Kessler says, “little mouse geniuses, if there is such a thing.” They aced the mazes and other tests.

I guess there is still a chance that you and I can become “little mouse geniuses.”  Hooray!

-RichardH

“Is Yemen the Next Afghanistan?” is a (very) long article by Robert F. Worth in the 11 July 2010 issue of the New York Times Magazine about tribal politics, insurgency, and struggle in this desperately poor and factionalized country.

-RichardH

Olufemi Terry wins 2010 Caine Prize for his short story, ‘Stickfighting Days (PDF).’ The Caine Prize, awarded annually, is described as Africa’s leading literary award.

-RichardH

On the 7 July 2010 broadcast of Fresh Air, Terry Gross interviews Comedian Louis C.K. about his new FX TV show, “Louie,” and his life. Louis C.K. is honest, open, direct, and very funny. From the above URL, you can stream the show or download a podcast.

-RichardH